Топик Hobbies, Leisure time. Leisure Time. Hobbies, устная тема по английскому языку с переводом. Топик
Leisure time
It is not easy to say exactly what teenagers in different countries do in their leisure time. I think that, in the main our interests and tastes do not differ very much. They are engaged in sports activities. They listen to their favourite music bands or take part in different concerts. Teenagers discover the world and themselves. In the main, all young people are individualists. Youth is the time when young people work out their outlook. At the same time they need collective experience to share their dreams and interests. Teenagers unite in specific organisations.
The first organisation that brought together thousands of teenagers in different countries was that of the Scouts. The aim of this association was originally to train boys in various different skills such as lighting a fire and to develop their character. Now the Scouts are active all around the world. The motto of the Scouts is "Be Prepared." After the October Revolution a similar Pioneer organisation was created in Russia. The Pioneers were supported and sponsored by the government. Now the Pioneers do not exist in our country.
The Scouts and Pioneers were the first, but not the only organisations of the young people. For example today the volunteer movement is extremely popular among the teenagers. It dates back to the year 1921, when a French soldier decided to restore a German house after World War I free of charge. The movement flourished only in the late 1990s when young people of Europe and the United States went to different parts of the world helping local communities to solve their problems. Today volunteerism is very popular in American community and political life. Volunteerism implies assisting people through privately initiated agencies. Volunteers do not receive any salary for what they are doing, but at the same time their work is highly motivated. They react very quickly, immediately coming to help to whoever may need it. There are several types of volunteer work: workcamps, mid-term and long-term volunteering projects. Any young man from any continent can come to workcamps. These camps attain certain objectives in social, ecological, archaeological fields. Usually all works are done under the supervision of professionals. The mid-and long-term projects usually concern the social sphere. They include assistance to children, old people, crippled or immigrants. Volunteer fund-raising groups unite to help the needy in all spheres. They can do almost any work that is necessary. Volunteers can be found in any part of the globe. In the United States six out of ten pupils are members of some volunteer organisations.
All three organisations that were mentioned above are more or less formal. At the same time there are many informal associations of teenagers. Very often they are not even registered, and if they are, no one cares about what they are doing. No records are kept of their activities. They emerge, evolve and disintegrate without leaving trace in history. Nevertheless such organisations are extremely important for their participants. They serve as a means for teenagers to express themselves, meet new friends that have common interests, discuss problems that are really important to them. Quite often a famous book, a movie or a musical band can serve as an impulse for creating such organisations. Fan clubs of different rock and pop groups are numerous. Fan clubs usually consist of teenagers. Members of such clubs listen collectively to their favourite songs, attend concerts, write letters to their idols.
The most spectacular example of unofficial organisation is presented by the Tolkienist movement. J.R.R. Tolkien, the famous British writer created a magic world of elves, dwarves, and hob-bits. Any person who likes Tolkien"s novels can become a Tolkienist. This community is open to everyone; young people come and go, they choose a race, becoming, for example, an elf or a goblin. Their imagination will carry them as far as they want. In Russia Tolkien is extremely popular now. In Moscow there are several places where his fans assemble to share their views and ideas.
Other teenagers go much further. They are not satisfied with the world they are living in, and the worlds created by others do not attract them either. They create their own worlds and universes. In this context Role-Playing Games (also called RPG) should be mentioned. The first RPG was Dungeons and Dragons (D"n"D), a Dungeon Muster (DM) is responsible for outlining the rules of the newly created world, while other players act as the inhabitants of this world, Participating in such activity can be really thrilling, but the danger of quitting the real world for an imaginary one is always present. Such groups and organisations are escapists in their essence. Unlike volunteers they are not aimed at making our world better.
Why do the young organise their clubs?
The young do not want to accept the world of the adults with their organisations for the teenagers. They rebel against it in different ways, sometimes in the form of creating their unofficial organisations and clubs. They organise according to their interests into different sub-cultural groups.
Do you belong to any group or organisation?
No, I do not. My elder brother used to be a Pioneer, but now such official or semi-official organisations do not attract me. For a couple of years I attended the meetings of the Tolkienists, acting as a little dwarf. Although I am still a great fan of Tolkien"s books, I do not think any longer that I should waste my time living an imaginary life in the imaginary world. The world we all are living in is full of wonders. There is always somebody who needs our help. A lot of my friends are supporters of Greenpeace, and I will soon join their actions. Greenpeace is doing a very important job of rescuing the nature. People of different ages help Greenpeace, and I believe that young people should participate in the activities of this organisation more actively.
What do your friends do in their leisure time?
As I have already said, some of my friends help Greenpeace. I still have many friends among the Tolkienists. Some of my friends are fond of RPGs. They meet every Saturday in groups of 5 or 6, They draw a map and for hours discuss the fates of their heroes. One game can last several months or sometimes a year. Although my best friend who is a Dungeon Master often invites me to join his RPG, I am sure that the real life is much more interesting than any imaginary adventures.
Список литературы
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Topic: My leisure time
Тема: Мое свободное время
They say that the way people spend their leisure time reflects their character. I can agree with it. Speaking about my personality, I am an easy-going and open-minded person, and I feel elated when I am with my friends. That is why I adore spending my leisure hours with my nearest and dearest. I cannot imagine my weekends without long close friend in the nearest coffee house. I spend with my friends, because I love a company of interesting people and I feel perfectly well when I am out with my soul mates. We like to spend days on end in the open air – we . We also take pleasure from riding bikes, playing different outdoor games like tennis or volleyball, going for long walks, or just doing things on the spur of a moment.
Говорят, что по тому, как человек проводит свое свободное время, можно определить его характер. Я могу с этим согласиться. Что касается моего характера, я являюсь общительным и открытым человеком, и в компании своих друзей чувствую себя счастливой. Поэтому я обожаю проводить свое свободное время с дорогими мне людьми. Например, не могу представить выходных без долгих разговоров по душам с моей близкой подругой в ближайшем кафе. Я провожу огромное количество времени с друзьями, потому что я люблю общество интересных людей и чувствую себя замечательно, когда нахожусь в компании единомышленников. Нам нравиться проводить целые дни на свежем воздухе – мы наслаждаемся природой. Катание на велосипедах, игры в теннис или волейбол, долгие прогулки приносят нам удовольствие, так же, как и вещи, придуманные спонтанно.
As I am an all-rounder I am interested in many things - I love to visit different festivals, exhibitions, concerts. I always try to do something and my leisure time is never eaten into by gazing at the television. I have never been a television watcher – I find it incredibly boring. When the weather is terrible, I prefer to stay at big shopping malls all day long. There are an awful lot of interesting and exciting things to do there. My friends and I like to play bowling, to roller skate, to watch 5D movies and of course to go shopping.
Так как я очень любознательный человек, я интересуюсь многими вещами – я люблю посещать разнообразные фестивали, выставки, концерты. Я всегда стараюсь чем-то заниматься и мое свободное время не тратиться впустую за просмотром телевизора. Я никогда не была человеком, который любит смотреть телевизор – я нахожу это занятие ужасно скучным. Когда за окном ужасная погода, я предпочитаю весь день находиться в торгово-развлекательном центре. Там много интересных и увлекательных развлечений. Мы с друзьями любим играть в боулинг, кататься на роликовых коньках, смотреть 5D кино, и конечно же ходить по магазинам.
It must be mentioned that my leisure activities also depend on the season of the year. In summer, I usually spend much time on the beach or near the pool. My summer holidays are pretty long so I have an opportunity to travel with my parents. Travelling is an essential part of my life and I believe that in the foreseeable future I will get my driver’s license and will be able to travel by car with my friends. In winter, I can spend hours on end skating in the city park or play snowballs with my little nephews.
Стоит отметить, что мое времяпрепровождение также зависит от времени года. Летом я провожу много времени на пляже или у бассейна. Так как летние каникулы достаточно долгие, у меня есть возможность путешествовать с родителями. Путешествия – это неотъемлемая часть моей жизни, и я надеюсь, что в ближайшем будущем, когда я получу водительские права, я смогу путешествовать на машине со своими друзьями. Зимой я могу часами кататься на коньках в городском парке, или играть в снежки со своими маленькими племянниками.
Топик "Leisure time" для сдачи экзамена по английскому в школе
Everybody sometimes has a free time. Somebody prefers only to sleep at their leisure time, but most of us prefer to do a great number of interesting things. It may be reading, various types of sport games, watching TV, listening to music and so on. If we have a few day or a week we prefer to go to the attractive places. Many people think that pupils and students have too much leisure time, but in my opinion, they are wrong. We are very busy. Many pupils have six or seven lessons a day and go to school five or six days a week. Even during weekends we learn our lessons. And we just have no time to go somewhere. Those who are older are working after school or institute. As for me, a large part of my free time is devoted to reading. I like to read books about other countries, other times and other worlds. Also I read books about history of our country. Besides reading I like walking. My friends and I often walk in different beautiful and interesting places. But my favorite hobby is travelling. Usually I travel in summer and often it is a trip to the south, to the warm sea. I think all people must have other occupations besides their basic work, because it extends the boundaries of the familiar world and teaches us something new about people and things.
(9/11)
What do old and young do in their leisure time ? What do young people in different countries prefer to do ?
Leisure is time spent in non-compulsory activities. Because leisure time is free from compulsory activities such as work, study, household duties, eating and sleeping, it is often referred to as "free time". The ideas of leisure and leisure time are thought to have emerged in the late 19th century with the rise of mechanized industry, when the increase in productivity of labour resulted in the fact that workers had some time to spend on themselves.
They started doing sports and visiting theatres. Since then the idea of leisure time and relaxation has been popular with all the age groups and social classes. Old and young, rich and poor have been using their free time for rest and entertainment. The ways people spend their leisure time normally differ according to the age group: middle-aged and old people normally prefer more passive kind of rest like watching TV or going to the theatre, or sometimes gardening, younger people enjoy more active pastimes like doing extreme sports, visiting night clubs and discos or travelling. However, the idea of active leisure like doing sports or travelling is gaining popularity with the older people, too.
So the basic leisure time activities of the young are travelling, doing sports including extreme sports, visiting discos and night clubs or more passive ways of recreation like listening to music or watching TV and videos, and surfing the Internet. Teenagers normally prefer to do extreme sports, that is sports featuring speed, height and danger as they lead to the so-called "adrenaline rush9 in participants. They wish to push themselves to the limits of their physical ability and fear, and push the boundaries of a particular sport, such as bungee jumping, climbing, white-water rafting, surfing, windsurfing and many others. Their tastes in music are normally different kinds of popular music associated with youth subcultures, such as hard rock, hip-hop or rap, punk rock, psychedelic rock and the like. In watching TV and videos or going to the cinema, they prefer film genres which are full of action, movement, colour, cinema effects and have a good soundtrack. They normally like action films, comedies, musicals, thrillers and cartoons.
Sometimes the ways young people spend their free time varies according to the country, as they sometimes depend on national traditions. For example, in the USA young people normally like different types of popular culture which originated in their country like blues, different kinds of rock, country music and hip hop in music and pop art in fine arts. The sports they are doing are more often than not those which originated in America like baseball, auto-racing, basketball, and board-based recreational sports - surfboarding, skateboarding and snowboarding. American youngsters are fond of eating out and eat a lot of junk food like hambuigers and cheeseburgers and drink Coca-cola or Pepsi. British youngsters are really fond of watching football matches and sorts of races such as horse-racing, boat-racing and even dog-racing, as well as playing football, rugby and golf and taking part in races. They are really fond of pets and often spend some time in the evening taking their dog for a walk. In going out for the evening, they still prefer pubs to restaurants, bars and cafes. In music, their tastes are nearly the same as those of their American peers. In Germany young people prefer drinking beer when meeting their friends and spending much time doing various sports. In Spain many youngsters, as well as older people, are fond of watching bullfighting. In France they like listening to French chanson.
(9+)
What do you like doing in your free time?
As for me, I prefer to spend my free time doing three things: doing swimming, pursuing my hobby which is collecting rare books, or listening to music in which I prefer jazz and classical music. Doing sports (I have been doing swimming since I was 7) helps me keep fit and be always in high spirits, as well as build up stamina and get tempered. The first reason why I collect books is that I am really keen on reading: Books open to me a whole world of events and people. The second one is that collecting rare books is getting to know history better. Reading a book is getting information about the period it describes, feeling its atmosphere and getting to know historical figures of the period.
I enjoy listening to music, as music helps me relax and relieve stress. When I listen to music, classical, jazz, rap or any other type of music I enjoy, I forget about the troubles of everyday life; music provides an escape from everyday problems. Stress melts away as I am taken in by the beauty of the music. It can help me feel calm and deeply relaxed. Secondly, music affects my emotions. Each type of music sets distinct mood and changes mine. Whether I am feeling sad, frustrated or confused, I listen to merry or tender music, and my mood shifts. I can"t say I prefer to listen to some definite kind of music all the time. The choice of music I listen to depends on my state of mind and mood. I can tell you what kind of music I prefer to listen to when I feel depressed, and it is jazz. The first reason why I do it is that jazz music usually has a powerful rhythm, so it is a kind of music that fills you with energy and strength. Secondly, it provides a brilliant combination of instrumental tunes and voice, which creates unforgettable harmony. Jazz immediately carries me away from my troubles, fills me with hope and joy, even though its tunes are often sad. I enjoy listening to classical music, too, Firstly, I like it for the complexity of the musical harmony it offers. Modern popular music, such as pop or rock is much more primitive in melody. Secondly, the emotions classical music evokes are much stronger and deeper; they carry me away to the time when the piece of music I am listening to was composed.
(11+)
A thing we do in our free time for recreation and pleasure is called a hobby. Hobbies are practiced for interest and enjoyment, rather than for money. What are hobbies for some people are professions for others: a game tester may enjoy cooking as a hobby, while a professional chef might enjoy playing computer games. Generally speaking, the person who does something for fun, not remuneration, is called an amateur (or hobbyist), as distinct from a professional. Engaging in a hobby can lead to acquiring substantial skill, knowledge, and experience. A lot of celestial bodies and events have been discovered by amateur astronomers. However, the aim of a hobby is pleasure and personal fulfillment.
While some hobbies strike many people as trivial or boring, hobbyists find something entertaining about them. In fact, anything can be a hobby, from collecting stamps and board games to doing extreme sports and making model airplanes.
Translate the following sentences into English.
1. Время, когда человек свободен от обязательной деятельности, такой как работа, домашние обязанности, образование, еда, и сон, называется свободным временем.
2. Понятие свободного времени появилось в XIX веке с развитием механизации в промышленности, когда рабочие смогли посвящать больше времени отдыху.
3. Идея отдыха популярна среди всех возрастных групп и классов общества.
4. Люди среднего возраста и пожилые люди обычно предпочитают более пассивные виды отдыха, более молодые люди получают удовольствие от более активных занятий, таких как занятия экстремальными видами спорта, путешествия, посещения диско и ночных клубов и некоторых более пассивных занятий, таких как просмотр видео или интернет.
5. Экстремальные виды спорта - это виды спорта, которые отличает скорость, высота и опасность, вызывающие так называемый «выброс адреналина» у участников, которые заставляют себя достичь пределов своих физических возможностей и страха.
6. Их вкусы в музыке - различные виды музыки, которые ассоциируются с молодежными субкультурами, такие как тяжелый рок, рэп, панк-рок, психоделический рок и тому подобное.
7. Они предпочитают жанры фильмов, которые полны действия и киноэффектов и у которых хорошее звуковое сопровождение, такие как фильмы-боевики, комедии, мюзиклы, триллеры и мультфильмы.
8. Молодежь США предпочитает блюз, рок, музыку кантри и хип-хоп, бейсбол, автогонки, баскетбол и виды спорта, основанные на применении доски, а также высококалорийную пищу с низкой питательной ценностью.
9. Британские молодые люди любят домашних животных, пабы и традиционные британские виды спорта; испанские молодые люди любят смотреть бой быков.
(9+)
10. Я предпочитаю проводить свое свободное время, занимаясь своим хобби (собирание редких книг), слушая джаз или занимаясь плаванием, что помогает мне быть в хорошей форме и всегда в хорошем настроении, воспитывать выносливость и закаляться.
11. Музыка помогает мне расслабиться и снять стресс, который тает, когда меня захватывает музыка, она дает возможность уйти от повседневных проблем и создает определенное настроение.
12. У джаза мощный ритм, который наполняет энергией и силой, он представляет собой блестящее сочетание инструментальных мелодий и голоса, что создает незабываемую гармонию.
13. Я люблю классическую музыку за сложность музыкальной гармонии, которую она предлагает, и за те чувства, которые она вызывает.
(11+)
14. Хобби занимаются скорее ради интереса, удовольствия и личного удовлетворения, чем из-за вознаграждения, хотя занятия хобби может привести к получению значительных навыков, знаний и опыта.1. A time when a person is free from compulsory activities such as work, household duties, education, eating and sleeping is called free time or leisure time.
2. The notion of leisure time emerged in the 19th century with the rise of mechanised industry when workers could give more time to recreation and leisure.
3. The idea of relaxation is popular with all the age groups and social classes.
4. Middle-aged and old people normally prefer more passive kinds of rest, younger people enjoy more active pastimes like doing extreme sports, travelling, visiting discos and night clubs, and some more passive leisure time activities like watching videos or surfing the Internet.
5. Extreme sports are sports featuring speed, height and danger and leading to the so-called "adrenaline rush" in participants who push themselves to the limits of their physical ability and fear.
6. Their tastes in music are different kinds of music associated with youth subcultures, such as hard rock, rap, punk rock, psychedelic rock and the like.
7. They prefer film genres which are full of action and cinema effects and have a good soundtrack, like action films, comedies, musicals, thrillers and cartoons.
8. The US youngsters prefer blues, rock, country music and hip hop, baseball, auto-racing, basketball and board-based sports, as well as junk food.
9. British youngsters are fond of pets, pubs and traditional British sports; Spanish young people like watching bullfighting.
(9+)
10. I prefer to spend my free time pursuing my hobby- collecting rare books, listening to jazz and classical music or doing swimming which helps me keep fit, be always in high spirits, build up my stamina and get tempered.
11. Music helps me relax and relieve stress which melts away as I am taken in by the beauty of the music, it provides an escape from everyday problems and sets distinct mood.
12. Jazz has a powerful rhythm, which fills you with energy and strength, provides a brilliant combination of instrumental tunes and voice, which creates unforgettable harmony
13. I like classical music for the complexity of the musical harmony it offers and the emotions it evokes.
(11+)
14. Hobbies are practised for interest and enjoyment and personal fulfilment, rather than for remuneration, though engaging in a hobby can lead to acquiring substantial skill, knowledge, and experience.Из пособия "ЕГЭ. Английский язык. Устные темы" Занина Е.Л. (2010, 272с.) - Part one. English examination topics. Forms 9/11.